Spirit of tolerance in Islam
Islam was in the beginning call people in the best manner to worship only one God without an intermediary( this real Massage of Muhammad ) , and his own tribe of Quraysh worshiped idols and wooden and stone statues so as to bring them closer to God
the effect of the speech of Muhammad, logical, eloquent speeches greatly impressed many of the people who heard his words. In most gatherings and public places, people talked about the new faith more than anything else. To those who had suffered from the extortion of the cruel oppressors and were tired of the injustices and inhuman conditions prevailing in Makkah, the celestial words of Muhammad, The Messenger of god(SWT) opened a door to the world of hope and prosperity and gave new life to their half dead bodies. But the selfish malevolent Quraish chiefs refused to submit to Islam, and, since Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) mentioned their deviations and faults at every opportunity, they decided to hinder this spiritual and intellectual revolution by any means possible
Obviously, the idol worshipers and the oppressive Quraish chiefs well realized that if idolatry were abolished and all the people worshiped the One God and adopted the gainful religion of Islam, no room would be left for their extortion and oppressive rule
Therefore, they held a council and started talks on the day's issue, trying to find ways to extinguish Mohammed revolution,that tale them to worship only one God
Thus a new stage - an exceedingly troublesome phase - started in the blessed life of Muhammad, The Messenger. The enemies of Islam, who had well understood that the triumph and rule of Islam would surely put an end to their law of the sword, tyrannies, and exploitation of the deprived people, launched their combat against Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) most brutally and ruthlessly, discarding all moral and humane principles - if they had any - and taking up the arms of rancour and cruelty so that they could hamper the spread of Islam and guard the interests of the Quraish chiefs and men of power.
they decided to finish new religion by torturing the new followers,The idol worshipers forced them out of their house in the hot burning weather and tortured them under the burning rays of the sun, inflicting the most unbearable tortures upon them so that they would leave the fith ,Sumayyah, Ammar's mother, was the first woman martyr of Islam, killed by a blow from Abu Jahl's weapon. Yasir, Ammar's father, too, died under the torture ,
In fact , many other faithful Muslims at the beginning of Islam, suffered a great deal from the enemies of Islam who had aimed most obstinately at the destruction of Islam. All of them tolerated all the pains and torture and did not leave their faith even for a single moment. We see therefore very clearly how the accusation that Islam prevailed by force and by the law of the sword is false and far from the truth.
Here some examples of the offenses and torments which the enemies of Islam inflicted upon Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) are mentioned:
1. One day a number of Quraish gave the uterus of a sheep to their servants to throw at the blessed face and head of Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT). They obeyed their brutal master, thus making Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) rather sad.
Another day they threw camel's guts on him while he was prostrating in prayer. Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) remained in prostration, perhaps waiting for one of the Muslims to pass by and take the dirt off his back. His daughter Fatima al-Zahra (sa) was walking by when she saw him. With tears in her eyes, she removed the dirt from his back. He said to her, "Don't cry my daughter, the Almighty Allah (SWT) will honour His religion and grant your father victory."
2. Tariq Maharibi has narrated, I saw Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) saying in a loud voice to the people, "O people! Say there is no god but God so you would find salvation."
He urged the people to submit to Islam and become monotheists while Abu Lahab ibn Abd Al-Muttalib followed him step by step and threw stones at him injuring him so that his feet were covered with blood, but Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) continued to guide the people and show them the path of eternal salvation and prosperity. Abu Lahab ibn Abd Al-Muttalib cried out, "People! This man is a liar. Do not listen to him."
3. In addition, Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT), as well as his loyal friends and those who had newly adopted Islam were most severely tortured and tormented by the infidels.
Economic struggle: The Quraish had started a fierce economic struggle against Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) and his followers. One of the inhumane weapons they used against the Muslims was economic pressure and boycott of any sort of transactions with the Muslims. Bani Hashim and Bani Abd Al-Muttalib joined Abu Talib after the boycott was enforced and withdrew to a narrow glen or wadi known as Sheb Abi Talib. It was the seventh year of Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah's (SWT) mission. Weeks and months had passed, and the people of Hashim lived in misery and hunger. The ban was so rigorously enforced that Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah's (SWT) clan was reduced to eating acacia leaves and the cries of hungry children reverberated all over the valley.
Psychological warfare: Prohibiting of marriage with Muslims, cutting off all relations with them from the Quraish. Accused Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) of witchcraft, sorcery doing traits and tricks by not withstanding his Miracles. Accused Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) as being poet by not withstanding the eloquence of Qura'nic verses. Accused Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) as being crazy to avoid children going near him, and the like were psychological tactics meant to break down the resistance and perseverance of the first Muslims.
Physical torment and torture: Another anti-human method of fighting the new movement and its adherents used by the Quraish was physical torture of the Muslims, which resulted in the martyrdom of a number of faithful Muslims at the beginning of Islam.
In spite of all the brutal methods that the infidel Quraish utilized in their struggles against Islam, Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) and the Muslims, Islam advanced and Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) continued to urge the people to go the right way. Islam and the Muslims continued their efforts and struggles.
To maintain their faith in Islam, the Muslims underwent extremely severe torture, sufferings, and hardships and showed admirable resistance in following this honorable path.
A careful and just survey of the conditions of the Muslims at the beginning of Islam reveals the significant fact that, unlike the picture the enemies of Islam have always tried to present, Islam, this holiest of faith, has not been promoted at the point of the bayonet or by the sword, but for 13 years, Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) and the faithful Muslims tolerated the tortures, torments, and swords of the infidels and the idol worshippers to promote this divine religion revealed by Allah (SWT) for their salvation
the permission verses
With all this harm to the Muslims from killing, torture and expulsion from their homes to Quran came to give them the permission to defend themselves but do not transgress
Permission (to fight) is given to those upon whom war is made because they are oppressed, and most surely Allah is well able to assist them;
To those against whom war is made, permission is given (to fight) because they are wronged― and verily, Allah is Most powerful for their aid
Those who have been expelled from their homes without a just cause except that they say: Our Lord is Allah. And had there not been Allah's repelling some people by others, certainly there would have been pulled down cloisters and churches and synagogues and mosques in which Allah's name is much remembered; and surely Allah will help him who helps His cause; most surely Allah is Strong, Mighty.
the effect of the speech of Muhammad, logical, eloquent speeches greatly impressed many of the people who heard his words. In most gatherings and public places, people talked about the new faith more than anything else. To those who had suffered from the extortion of the cruel oppressors and were tired of the injustices and inhuman conditions prevailing in Makkah, the celestial words of Muhammad, The Messenger of god(SWT) opened a door to the world of hope and prosperity and gave new life to their half dead bodies. But the selfish malevolent Quraish chiefs refused to submit to Islam, and, since Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) mentioned their deviations and faults at every opportunity, they decided to hinder this spiritual and intellectual revolution by any means possible
Obviously, the idol worshipers and the oppressive Quraish chiefs well realized that if idolatry were abolished and all the people worshiped the One God and adopted the gainful religion of Islam, no room would be left for their extortion and oppressive rule
Therefore, they held a council and started talks on the day's issue, trying to find ways to extinguish Mohammed revolution,that tale them to worship only one God
Thus a new stage - an exceedingly troublesome phase - started in the blessed life of Muhammad, The Messenger. The enemies of Islam, who had well understood that the triumph and rule of Islam would surely put an end to their law of the sword, tyrannies, and exploitation of the deprived people, launched their combat against Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) most brutally and ruthlessly, discarding all moral and humane principles - if they had any - and taking up the arms of rancour and cruelty so that they could hamper the spread of Islam and guard the interests of the Quraish chiefs and men of power.
they decided to finish new religion by torturing the new followers,The idol worshipers forced them out of their house in the hot burning weather and tortured them under the burning rays of the sun, inflicting the most unbearable tortures upon them so that they would leave the fith ,Sumayyah, Ammar's mother, was the first woman martyr of Islam, killed by a blow from Abu Jahl's weapon. Yasir, Ammar's father, too, died under the torture ,
In fact , many other faithful Muslims at the beginning of Islam, suffered a great deal from the enemies of Islam who had aimed most obstinately at the destruction of Islam. All of them tolerated all the pains and torture and did not leave their faith even for a single moment. We see therefore very clearly how the accusation that Islam prevailed by force and by the law of the sword is false and far from the truth.
Here some examples of the offenses and torments which the enemies of Islam inflicted upon Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) are mentioned:
1. One day a number of Quraish gave the uterus of a sheep to their servants to throw at the blessed face and head of Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT). They obeyed their brutal master, thus making Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) rather sad.
Another day they threw camel's guts on him while he was prostrating in prayer. Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) remained in prostration, perhaps waiting for one of the Muslims to pass by and take the dirt off his back. His daughter Fatima al-Zahra (sa) was walking by when she saw him. With tears in her eyes, she removed the dirt from his back. He said to her, "Don't cry my daughter, the Almighty Allah (SWT) will honour His religion and grant your father victory."
2. Tariq Maharibi has narrated, I saw Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) saying in a loud voice to the people, "O people! Say there is no god but God so you would find salvation."
He urged the people to submit to Islam and become monotheists while Abu Lahab ibn Abd Al-Muttalib followed him step by step and threw stones at him injuring him so that his feet were covered with blood, but Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) continued to guide the people and show them the path of eternal salvation and prosperity. Abu Lahab ibn Abd Al-Muttalib cried out, "People! This man is a liar. Do not listen to him."
3. In addition, Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT), as well as his loyal friends and those who had newly adopted Islam were most severely tortured and tormented by the infidels.
Economic struggle: The Quraish had started a fierce economic struggle against Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) and his followers. One of the inhumane weapons they used against the Muslims was economic pressure and boycott of any sort of transactions with the Muslims. Bani Hashim and Bani Abd Al-Muttalib joined Abu Talib after the boycott was enforced and withdrew to a narrow glen or wadi known as Sheb Abi Talib. It was the seventh year of Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah's (SWT) mission. Weeks and months had passed, and the people of Hashim lived in misery and hunger. The ban was so rigorously enforced that Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah's (SWT) clan was reduced to eating acacia leaves and the cries of hungry children reverberated all over the valley.
Psychological warfare: Prohibiting of marriage with Muslims, cutting off all relations with them from the Quraish. Accused Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) of witchcraft, sorcery doing traits and tricks by not withstanding his Miracles. Accused Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) as being poet by not withstanding the eloquence of Qura'nic verses. Accused Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) as being crazy to avoid children going near him, and the like were psychological tactics meant to break down the resistance and perseverance of the first Muslims.
Physical torment and torture: Another anti-human method of fighting the new movement and its adherents used by the Quraish was physical torture of the Muslims, which resulted in the martyrdom of a number of faithful Muslims at the beginning of Islam.
In spite of all the brutal methods that the infidel Quraish utilized in their struggles against Islam, Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) and the Muslims, Islam advanced and Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) continued to urge the people to go the right way. Islam and the Muslims continued their efforts and struggles.
To maintain their faith in Islam, the Muslims underwent extremely severe torture, sufferings, and hardships and showed admirable resistance in following this honorable path.
A careful and just survey of the conditions of the Muslims at the beginning of Islam reveals the significant fact that, unlike the picture the enemies of Islam have always tried to present, Islam, this holiest of faith, has not been promoted at the point of the bayonet or by the sword, but for 13 years, Muhammad, The Messenger of Allah (SWT) and the faithful Muslims tolerated the tortures, torments, and swords of the infidels and the idol worshippers to promote this divine religion revealed by Allah (SWT) for their salvation
the permission verses
With all this harm to the Muslims from killing, torture and expulsion from their homes to Quran came to give them the permission to defend themselves but do not transgress
Permission (to fight) is given to those upon whom war is made because they are oppressed, and most surely Allah is well able to assist them;
To those against whom war is made, permission is given (to fight) because they are wronged― and verily, Allah is Most powerful for their aid
Those who have been expelled from their homes without a just cause except that they say: Our Lord is Allah. And had there not been Allah's repelling some people by others, certainly there would have been pulled down cloisters and churches and synagogues and mosques in which Allah's name is much remembered; and surely Allah will help him who helps His cause; most surely Allah is Strong, Mighty.
Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not love transgressors
.
Do not kill women, or children, or old men, or whoever meets you with peace and restraining his hand (from fighting). For, indeed, if you did that, you would certainly have transgressed
Do not transgress by starting the fighting, or by fighting those who are protected by a peace treaty, or by ambushing those who have not been called (to Islam or a peace treaty), or by mutilation (of the enemy), or by fighting whomever it is prohibited from fighting
This verse means, “Fight for the sake of Allah who fight you and do not transgress,” such as committing prohibitions. Al-Hasan Al-Basri said “transgression” means “mutilating the dead, theft, killing women, children and old people who do not participate in warfare, killing priests and residents of houses of worship, burning down trees and killing animals without real benefit.” This is also the opinion of Ibn Abbas, Umar ibn Abdul-Aziz, Muqatil ibn Hayyan and others
The Prophet said
Indeed, after me there will be conflicts or affairs, so if you are able to end them in peace, then do so
.
Do not wish to meet the enemy, but if you meet them, then be steadfast
.
Whoever kills a person protected by a treaty will never smell the fragrance of Paradise, and indeed its fragrance can be found a distance of forty years of travel.
“Whoever killed a protected person,” as displayed in the report, the meaning is whoever has a treaty with the Muslims is the same as one who pays compensation (tribute) or who has a truce with the Muslim authorities or who has the trust of a single Muslim
John Kelsay, professor of religion at Florida State University, writes:
It is fairly common for Sunni “modernists” to argue that the Quran’s teachings on Jihad allows for the use of military force only in the case of a defense of Islamic territory or values. The treatise of Mahmud Shaltut on The Koran and Fighting (published in 1948), for example, presents the thought of a formidable Sunni scholar, eventually the Shaykh of Al-Azhar, the leading spokesman for “establishment Islam” in Egypt. Shaltut’s tract is clearly apologetic in nature, but it nevertheless makes a powerful case for an interpretation of the Quran verses on fighting that focuses on the defense of the Islamic community. Fighting cannot be an essential part of the Islamic mission, argues Shaltut, for the heart of Muhammad’s mission is to bring good tidings and to warn humanity. That being the case, the mission of the Muslim community focuses on persuasion. Fighting is justified only in cases of defense, which Shaltut identifies with efforts “to stop aggression, to protect the Mission of Islam, and to defend religious freedom.”
[Kelsay, J. (1993). Islam and war: A study in comparative ethics. Louisville, Ky: Westminster/John Knox Press. p. 40].
Majid Khadduri, founder of the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies Middle East Studies, writes:
The Jihad, it will be recalled, was regarded as Islam’s instrument to transform the territory of war into the territory of Islam. If that end had ever been achieved, the territory of war would have been reduced to non-existence and the raison d’etre (purpose) of Jihad, except perhaps for combating Islam’s internal enemies, would have eventually disappeared. We may argue, therefore, that in Islamic legal theory, the ultimate objective of Islam was not war per se (in itself), but the ultimate establishment of peace. This may be regarded as another reason why the Jihad was not made, as it has been by the Kharijites, the sixth pillar of faith, since in theory it was merely a temporary instrument to establish ultimate peace, rather than a permanent article of the faith.
[Khadduri, M. (1955). War and peace in the law of Islam. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. p. 141
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Muhammad effect of the speech
.
Do not kill women, or children, or old men, or whoever meets you with peace and restraining his hand (from fighting). For, indeed, if you did that, you would certainly have transgressed
Do not transgress by starting the fighting, or by fighting those who are protected by a peace treaty, or by ambushing those who have not been called (to Islam or a peace treaty), or by mutilation (of the enemy), or by fighting whomever it is prohibited from fighting
This verse means, “Fight for the sake of Allah who fight you and do not transgress,” such as committing prohibitions. Al-Hasan Al-Basri said “transgression” means “mutilating the dead, theft, killing women, children and old people who do not participate in warfare, killing priests and residents of houses of worship, burning down trees and killing animals without real benefit.” This is also the opinion of Ibn Abbas, Umar ibn Abdul-Aziz, Muqatil ibn Hayyan and others
The Prophet said
Indeed, after me there will be conflicts or affairs, so if you are able to end them in peace, then do so
.
Do not wish to meet the enemy, but if you meet them, then be steadfast
.
Whoever kills a person protected by a treaty will never smell the fragrance of Paradise, and indeed its fragrance can be found a distance of forty years of travel.
“Whoever killed a protected person,” as displayed in the report, the meaning is whoever has a treaty with the Muslims is the same as one who pays compensation (tribute) or who has a truce with the Muslim authorities or who has the trust of a single Muslim
John Kelsay, professor of religion at Florida State University, writes:
It is fairly common for Sunni “modernists” to argue that the Quran’s teachings on Jihad allows for the use of military force only in the case of a defense of Islamic territory or values. The treatise of Mahmud Shaltut on The Koran and Fighting (published in 1948), for example, presents the thought of a formidable Sunni scholar, eventually the Shaykh of Al-Azhar, the leading spokesman for “establishment Islam” in Egypt. Shaltut’s tract is clearly apologetic in nature, but it nevertheless makes a powerful case for an interpretation of the Quran verses on fighting that focuses on the defense of the Islamic community. Fighting cannot be an essential part of the Islamic mission, argues Shaltut, for the heart of Muhammad’s mission is to bring good tidings and to warn humanity. That being the case, the mission of the Muslim community focuses on persuasion. Fighting is justified only in cases of defense, which Shaltut identifies with efforts “to stop aggression, to protect the Mission of Islam, and to defend religious freedom.”
[Kelsay, J. (1993). Islam and war: A study in comparative ethics. Louisville, Ky: Westminster/John Knox Press. p. 40].
Majid Khadduri, founder of the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies Middle East Studies, writes:
The Jihad, it will be recalled, was regarded as Islam’s instrument to transform the territory of war into the territory of Islam. If that end had ever been achieved, the territory of war would have been reduced to non-existence and the raison d’etre (purpose) of Jihad, except perhaps for combating Islam’s internal enemies, would have eventually disappeared. We may argue, therefore, that in Islamic legal theory, the ultimate objective of Islam was not war per se (in itself), but the ultimate establishment of peace. This may be regarded as another reason why the Jihad was not made, as it has been by the Kharijites, the sixth pillar of faith, since in theory it was merely a temporary instrument to establish ultimate peace, rather than a permanent article of the faith.
[Khadduri, M. (1955). War and peace in the law of Islam. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. p. 141
Related Article
Muhammad effect of the speech
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